What are the specific steps involved in the daily maintenance of a CNC lathe?

I. Pre-start Inspection Steps

1. Energy and Environmental Check: Confirm that the power supply voltage is within 380V±10%, the air supply pressure is stable at 0.6~0.7MPa, and there is no debris accumulation around the equipment.

2. Liquid Level System Check: Check that the hydraulic oil level is between the upper and lower limits on the dipstick, the lubricating oil level in the tank is not lower than the minimum mark, and the coolant level is higher than the pump inlet.

3. Pre-inspection of Key Components: Manually test the chuck clamping action, confirm that the tool post and cutting tools are secure and without chipping, and check that all protective doors and emergency stop switches function normally.

II. Monitoring Steps During Operation

1. Real-time Status Monitoring: Listen for abnormal squealing from the spindle bearings, observe that there is no crawling or vibration in the X/Z axis movement, and that the spindle load rate does not exceed 80% of the rated value.

2. System Parameter Verification: Confirm that the hydraulic system pressure fluctuation is within ±0.5MPa of the set value, and the coolant flow rate is stable within ±5% of the rated value.

3. Prompt Handling of Abnormalities: Immediately stop the machine if abnormal noises, overheating, or a burning smell occur. Investigate the fault before resuming operation. Do not blindly clear alarms and continue processing.

III. Cleaning and Maintenance Procedures After Shutdown

1. Thorough Shavings and Rust Removal: Clean iron filings and oil stains from the guide rails, tool holder, and worktable. Wipe off any residual coolant on the guide rail surface and apply L-TSA32 anti-wear hydraulic oil for rust prevention.

2. Component Reset and Adjustment: Return each axis to its zero position, turn off the power to the control panel, and disconnect the main power supply. Compile the daily equipment operation and maintenance records.

3. Special Working Condition Handling: After machining difficult-to-machine materials such as stainless steel, additionally check the wear of the coolant pump impeller. Replace impellers with blade thinning ≥0.5mm immediately.

IV. Weekly and Monthly Regular Maintenance

1. Weekly Inspection Contents: Tighten the servo motor encoder plug, check the X/Z axis backlash, clean the grating ruler with anhydrous ethanol, and clean the electrical cabinet cooling fan filter.

2. Monthly maintenance contents: Blow away the dust accumulated on the heat sink of the drive module with compressed air, confirm that the temperature of the power unit housing does not exceed 75℃ by infrared thermometry, and check the radial runout of the three jaws of the chuck. If the deviation is greater than 0.03mm, the reference surface needs to be recalibrated.